lianes with axillary tendrils or shrubs or trees lacking tendrils, often with unusal secondary growth
Distribution
Tropics and subtropics in Central and South America, Africa, Southeast Asia and Nothern Australia 13 out of 20 genera only in tropical Africa (Heywood, Blütenpflanzen der Welt, 1982) Genus Passiflora: 400 - 500 species in America, some in Asia and Australia, one in Madagascar Genus Adenia: 80 species in Africa and Asia
Floral characters
lnflorescences usually determinate; sometimes indeterminate or reduced to a single flower, axillary. Flowers usually bisexual, radial, with a cupshaped to turbular hypanthium, often associated with conspicuous bracts. Sepales: 5, distinct to slightly connate, often petal-like Petales: 5, distinct Corona borne on the apex and inner surface of the hypanthium, consiting of 1 to severalrows of filaments, projection, or membranes Stamens:5, often borne on a stalk along with gyngynoecium, filaments distinct Carpels: 3, connate, ovary superior, borne on a stalk, parietal placentation; 3 stigmas; ovules numerous on each placenta Nectar disk at base of hypanthium
Leaf characters
Leaves alternate, usually simple, often lobed; entire to serrate, venation usually +/- palmate; usually with nectaries on the petiole
Stipules
usually present, small
Fruit characters
capsule or berry
Glands
present, nectar glands on petiols and bracts
Hairs
present or absent
Latex
absent
Uses
Passiflora edulis = Passion Fruit; Passiflora ligularis = Sweet Granadilla; Passiflora quadrangularis = Great Granadilla Some species are grown as ornamentals because of their showy flowers, e.g. Passiflora caerulea
Chemical characters
usually with cyanogenic glucosides having a cyclopentenoid ring system, often also with alkaloids
Distribution maps
(online von http://www.mobot.org/MOBOT/research/APweb/ . Dort zitiert wie unter jedem Diagramm vermerkt):
Malesherbioideae (Passifloraceae)
map: see Gengler-Novak 2002
Paropsieae (Passiflorioideae - Passifloraceae)
map: from Sleumer 1970; de Vos & Breteler 2009
Passifloreae (Passiflorioideae - Passifloraceae)
map: from van Balgooy 1975; George 1982
Turneroideae (Passifloraceae)
map: from Wickens 1976; Heywood 2007, in part; Arbo 2008
