Tilia platyphyllos Scop. - Accepted: Tilia platyphyllos Scop. bei Zander 2008; Familie: Tiliaceae (Zander 2008)
Tilia platyphyllos Scop. - Accepted: Tilia platyphyllos Scop. bei The Plant List (2010); Familie: Malvaceae (APG III)
Tilia platyphyllos Scop. - Accepted: Tilia platyphyllos Scop. bei The Plant List (2014), version 1.1; Familie: Malvaceae (APG III)
Tilia platyphyllos Scop. - Accepted: Tilia platyphyllos Scop. bei The Plant List (2014), version 1.1; Familie: Malvaceae (APG IV)
Tilia platyphyllos Scop. - Accepted: Tilia platyphyllos Scop. bei The Plant List (2010); Familie: Malvaceae (APG IV)
Tilia platyphyllos Scop. - Accepted: Tilia platyphyllos Scop. bei BfN Checklist Flora DE; Familie: Malvaceae (APG IV)

Color of flower

cream green

Flowers

hermaphrodite flowers; in 2-5-flowered inflorescences

Flower ecology

insect-pollinated (honeybees)

Life form

woody, tree

Foliage persistence

deciduous

Fruit ecology

wind-dispersed (anemochorous)

Soil conditions

preferentially on fresh, percolating, nutrient-rich and alkaline, moderately acid, humus-rich, loose, medium to deep, often moved, stony loam soils (mull soils)

Light conditions

partial to full shade plant

Root type

topsoil and deep-rooted

Succession type

soil stabiliser

Natural occurrence (habitat)

thermophilous mixed forests, ravine forests and noble hardwood forests, elm-maple-ash forests, montane forests, beech-lime forests, cliff ledges; at winter-mild and humid climate sites; in medium elevations of highlands; in the Alps up to 1,000 m

Vegetation typ and synecology (plant community)

temperate, mixed mesophytic deciduous forests; characteristic species of the Tilio-Acerion community, also in the Fagion

Natural propagation (all types)

by stump spreading

Constraints according soil conditions

not salt tolerant

Constraints according habitat

sensitive to air pollution

Recommendation (regional context)

not recommended for urban areas

Life span

long-lived (up to 1,000 years old)

Usage

as medicinal plant: dried flowers (Flos Tiliae) have sedative, antispasmodic, diaphoretic, hypotensive, emollient, diuretic and mild astringent properties and are medicinally used in the treatment of colds and coughs; as beekeeping plant; also as ornamental tree

Bundesamt für Naturschutz (BfN) (1999-2001 and ongoing): Floraweb - Daten und Informationen zu Wildpflanzen und zur Vegetation Deutschlands. www.floraweb.de.;

Erhardt, W., Götz, E., Bödeker, N. & Seybold, S. (2008): Der große Zander. Enzyklopädie der Pflanzennamen. Band 2. Arten und Sorten. Eugen Ulmer KG, Stuttgart (Hohenheim), 18. Aufl., 2103 S.;

Jäger, E. (Hrsg.) (2011): Rothmaler - Exkursionsflora von Deutschland. Gefäßpflanzen: Grundband. Band 2. Springer Spektrum Verlag, 20., neu bearb. u. wesentl. erw. Aufl.: 944 S. 978-3-8274-1606-3.;

Ministerium für Ernährung, Landwirtschaft, Umwelt und Forsten, Baden-Württemberg (Hrsg.) (1985): Pflanzenkatalog zur Verbesserung der Bienenweide und des Artenreichtums (Kurztitel: Bienenweidekatalog);

Oberdorfer, E. (2001): Pflanzensoziologische Exkursionsflora. Für Deutschland und angrenzende Gebiete. Eugen Ulmer Verlag, Stuttgart, 8., stark überarb. u. erg. Aufl, 1056 S. 978-3-8001-3131-0.;

The International Plant Names Index (2009). Published on the Internet http://www.ipni.org; Courtesy to IPNI, 2009. Exported from IPNI at date: 2009-09-22 20:17:51;