Quercus suber L. - Accepted: Quercus suber L. bei The Plant List (2014), version 1.1; Familie: Fagaceae (APG III)
Quercus suber L. - Accepted: Quercus suber L. bei Zander 2008; Familie: Fagaceae (Zander 2008)
Quercus suber L. - Accepted: Quercus suber L. bei BfN Checklist Flora DE; Familie: Fagaceae (APG IV)

Flowers

monoecious

Flower ecology

wind-pollinated (anemophilous)

Life form

woody, tree

Leaves

sclerophyllous; ovate, 4-7 cm long

Foliage persistence

evergreen

Fruits

acorn with cupule, cupule with elongated scales

Fruit ecology

animal-dispersed (zoochorous) (jays)

Soil conditions

preferentially on warm, non-calcareous, sandy soils

Root type

deep root system

Natural occurrence (habitat)

oak-pine forests, cork forests, maquis

Vegetation typ and synecology (plant community)

warm temperate (Mediterranean) broad-leaved evergreen sclerophyllous forests, woodlands, and scrub

Natural propagation (all types)

vegetative reproduction through stump sprouts

Constraints according moisture

drought tolerant

Constraints according temperature

not tolerant to temperatures below -10°C

Comments

xerophytic adaptations to warm and dry sites

Life span

long-lived (over 200 years)

Usage

cork is used for vine bottle stoppers, flooring, insulation, household products and sporting equipment, e.g. shuttlecocks and fishing rod handles; also used in space industry; cork is used as fuel wood as well

Phytopathogenic organisms

is vulnerable to the root pathogens Phythopthora cinnamomi and Phythopthora ramorum

Bark

thick

Altidudinal lower limit (sea level in m)

0

Altitudinal higher limit (sea level in m)

1000

Erhardt, W., Götz, E., Bödeker, N. & Seybold, S. (2008): Der große Zander. Enzyklopädie der Pflanzennamen. Band 2. Arten und Sorten. Eugen Ulmer KG, Stuttgart (Hohenheim), 18. Aufl., 2103 S.;

Houston Durrant, T. et al. (2016): Quercus suber in Europe: distribution, habitat, usage and threats. In: San-Miguel-Ayanz, J., de Rigo, D., Caudullo, G., Houston Durrant, T., Mauri, A. (Eds.). European Atlas of Forest Tree Species. Publication Office of the EU, Luxembourg.;

The International Plant Names Index (2009). Published on the Internet http://www.ipni.org; Courtesy to IPNI, 2009. Exported from IPNI at date: 2009-09-22 20:17:51;

The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. www.iucnredlist.org;