Celtis occidentalis L. - Accepted: Celtis occidentalis L. bei Zander 2008; Familie: Ulmaceae (Zander 2008)
Celtis occidentalis L. - Accepted: Celtis occidentalis L. bei The Plant List (2010); Familie: Cannabaceae (APG III)
Celtis occidentalis L. - Accepted: Celtis occidentalis L. bei The Plant List (2014), version 1.1; Familie: Ulmaceae (APG III)
Celtis occidentalis L. - Accepted: Celtis occidentalis L. bei The Plant List (2010); Familie: Cannabaceae (APG IV)
Celtis occidentalis L. - Accepted: Celtis occidentalis L. bei BfN Checklist Flora DE; Familie: Cannabaceae (APG IV)

Flowers

mostly monoecious (polygamomonoecious)

Flower ecology

wind-pollinated (anemophilous)

Life form

woody, tree

Leaves

alternately arranged, margin serrate, leaf lamina about twice as long as broad, asymmetric leaf shape, leaf venation pinnate to acrodromous (3 basal veins)

Foliage persistence

deciduous

Fruits

single-seeded drupe, 8-11 mm in diameter

Fruit ecology

gravity-dispersed (barochorous) and animal-dispersed (zoochorous) (birds, mammals, reptiles)

Soil conditions

preferentially on moist, nutrient-rich, well-drained soils, otherwise on a wide range of soil conditions

Root type

deep rooted

Succession type

early-seral and climax species

Natural occurrence (habitat)

gallery forests, floodplains, bottomland forests along rivers and streams, ravines, oak-hickory forests, open woodlands, rocky hillsides, limestone outcrops, old fields, sand barrens

Vegetation typ and synecology (plant community)

temperate forests; e.g. in sugar maple-basswood communities

Natural propagation (all types)

vegetative reproduction by root crown sprouting and adventitious buds

Constraints according moisture

somewhat drought tolerant

Constraints according habitat

flood tolerant, not occuring on windswept sides

Life span

150-200 years

Usage

edible fruits

Phytopathogenic organisms

is sensitive to gall mites

Bark

thick, deeply furrowed with warty cork projections

Erhardt, W., Götz, E., Bödeker, N. & Seybold, S. (2008): Der große Zander. Enzyklopädie der Pflanzennamen. Band 2. Arten und Sorten. Eugen Ulmer KG, Stuttgart (Hohenheim), 18. Aufl., 2103 S.;

Gucker, C. L. (2011): Celtis occidentalis. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). See: https://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/plants/tree/celocc/all.html;

The International Plant Names Index (2009). Published on the Internet http://www.ipni.org; Courtesy to IPNI, 2009. Exported from IPNI at date: 2009-09-22 20:17:51;