Quercus robur L. - Accepted: Quercus robur L. bei The Plant List (2010); Familie: Fagaceae (APG III)
Quercus robur L. - Accepted: Quercus robur L. bei Zander 2008; Familie: Fagaceae (Zander 2008)
Quercus robur L. - Accepted: Quercus robur L. bei The Plant List (2014), version 1.1; Familie: Fagaceae (APG III)
Quercus robur L. - Accepted: Quercus robur L. bei The Plant List (2014), version 1.1; Familie: Fagaceae (APG IV)
Quercus robur L. - Accepted: Quercus robur L. bei Schmeil-Fitschen 2019; Familie: Fagaceae (APG IV)
Quercus robur L. - Accepted: Quercus robur L. bei BfN Checklist Flora DE; Familie: Fagaceae (APG IV)
Quercus robur L. - Accepted: Quercus robur L. bei World Flora Online - APG IV (Angiosperms); Familie: Fagaceae (World Flora Online - APG IV (Angiosperms))

Difference to related species

tolerates higher ranges of extreme differences in temperature and humidity than sessile oak (Quercus petraea)

Flowers

monoecious; flowers in hanging catkins

Flower ecology

wind-pollinated (anemophilous)

Life form

woody, tree

Foliage persistence

deciduous

Fruit ecology

gravity-dispersed (barochorous) and animal-dispersed (zoochorous) (esp. Eurasian jays)

Soil conditions

mesic, alkaline-poor and rich, also calcareous, humus-rich loam and clay soils

Root type

deep-rooted

Natural occurrence (habitat)

woods, oak woods, high forests, coppice woodland, riparian mixed forests

Vegetation typ and synecology (plant community)

temperate mesophytic broad-leaved deciduous and mixed forests; mainly Alno-Ulmion (Querco-Ulmetum) or ground-moist Carpinion associations; character species of the Querco-Fagetea

Usage

in forestry for wood production; timber used in construction, for building ships, furniture production and as veneer and plywood

Erhardt, W., Götz, E., Bödeker, N. & Seybold, S. (2008): Der große Zander. Enzyklopädie der Pflanzennamen. Band 2. Arten und Sorten. Eugen Ulmer KG, Stuttgart (Hohenheim), 18. Aufl., 2103 S.;

Haider, M. et al. (2005): Wildbienenkataster. See: https://www.wildbienen-kataster.de;

Maurizio, Anna et al. (1982): Nektar und Pollen - die wichtigsten Nahrungsquellen der Honigbiene. 4. Ehrenwirth, München, 3, überabeitete Auflage;

Pritsch, Günter et al. (1985): Bienenweide.. Neumann-Neudamm, Melsungen;

Ruppertshofen, Heinz et al. (1995): Der summende Wald - Waldimkerei und Waldhygiene.. Ehrenwirth, München, 8., völlig neubearb. und erw. Aufl.;

Schick, B. & Spürgin, A. (1997): Die Bienenweide. Eugen Ulmer Verlag, Stuttgart, Auflage: 4., völlig neubearb. u. erw. A., 216 S. 978-3800174188.;

The International Plant Names Index (2009). Published on the Internet http://www.ipni.org; Courtesy to IPNI, 2009. Exported from IPNI at date: 2009-09-22 20:17:51;

Werle, Susanne et al. (2015): ITS2 DNA metabarcoding of wild bee pollen loads, collected in 2020 and 2021 across all three exploratories. See: https://www.bexis.uni-jena.de/ddm/data/Showdata/31545?version=6;

Westrich, P. et al. (2018): Die Wildbienen Deutschlands.. Ulmer Verlag ISBN 978-8186-0123-2.;