downy birch, brown birch, moor birch, mountain birch, white birch, hairy birch
Taxon concept: The Plant List (2014), version 1.1
Distribution: Canada, Newfoundland, southern Greenland, Iceland, the British Isles, Europe; Turkey, Caucasus; West and East Siberia
Betula pubescens Ehrh. - Accepted: Betula pubescens Ehrh. bei The Plant List (2010); Familie: Betulaceae (APG III)Betula pubescens Ehrh. - Accepted: Betula pubescens Ehrh. bei The Plant List (2014), version 1.1; Familie: Betulaceae (APG III)Betula pubescens Ehrh. - Accepted: Betula pubescens Ehrh. bei Schmeil-Fitschen 2019; Familie: Betulaceae (APG IV)Betula pubescens Ehrh. - Accepted: Betula pubescens Ehrh. bei BfN Checklist Flora DE; Familie: Betulaceae (APG IV)
Flowers
monoecious; male and female flowers in catkins
Flower ecology
wind-pollinated (anemophilous)
Life form
woody, tree or shrub
Foliage persistence
deciduous
Fruits
winged nut fruit (samara)
Fruit ecology
wind-dispersed (anemochorous)
Soil conditions
usually on moist, moderately nutrient-rich, humus-rich, acidic turf soils
Root type
heart-shaped root system
Natural occurrence (habitat)
moor forests and carrs, pollarded and pioneer woodlands, floodplains, along streams, hill-side flushes, transition bogs, peaty hollows
Vegetation typ and synecology (plant community)
temperate, mesophytic broad-leaved and mixed forests to boreal forests and subpolar tundra (northern limit of tree growth)
Constraints according radiation (light)
intolerant of shade
Usage
wood is used for making paper, canoe skins, furniture and plywood; bark is used for making drinking vessels and roofing tiles; tar-oil obtained from the white bark can be used as an insect repellent and as a shoe polish
Bundesamt für Naturschutz (BfN) (1999-2001 and ongoing): Floraweb - Daten und Informationen zu Wildpflanzen und zur Vegetation Deutschlands. www.floraweb.de.; Erhardt, W., Götz, E., Bödeker, N. & Seybold, S. (2008): Der große Zander. Enzyklopädie der Pflanzennamen. Band 2. Arten und Sorten. Eugen Ulmer KG, Stuttgart (Hohenheim), 18. Aufl., 2103 S.; Ministerium für Ernährung, Landwirtschaft, Umwelt und Forsten, Baden-Württemberg (Hrsg.) (1985): Pflanzenkatalog zur Verbesserung der Bienenweide und des Artenreichtums (Kurztitel: Bienenweidekatalog); Oberdorfer, E. (2001): Pflanzensoziologische Exkursionsflora. Für Deutschland und angrenzende Gebiete. Eugen Ulmer Verlag, Stuttgart, 8., stark überarb. u. erg. Aufl, 1056 S. 978-3-8001-3131-0.;
Taxonomic update: Database method on: 23.2.2020Update of the description: Matthias Krause; latest by: Matthias Krause on: 29.1.2019In the list below you will find the geographic coordinates of many woody plants in the garden. In these cases the points are marked in the map. If no coordinates are listed, the coordinate of the point in the map marks the middle coordinate of the section.